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Library A repository of assessment reports, Special reports, Declarations, Technical Papers, Methodology reports and reports from GoG Experts meetings, Summits, Conferences and Workshops. Academic Papers/Journals Blue Economy Policy Handbook. Academic Papers Deep Sea Mining-A note on potentials and risks. Regional & International Legal Instruments & Agreements/Strategy Documents Reg&Int. Legal Instruments ECOWAS Integrated Maritime Strategy. Yaounde Code of Conduct. 2050 Africa's Integrated Maritime Strategy. The Yaounde Framework - A summary. Reports & Reviews Reports and Reviews G7++FOGG Event Report An Evaluation of the Yaoundé Architecture Strengthening Counter-Piracy Responses: The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Collaboration Forum - SHADE Developing Blue Careers to Foster Strategic Development of Gulf of Guinea Maritime Economies. Agenda for Sustainable Development. Report on Marine Spatial Planning for Achieving SDG 14 in Ghana. Ocean Literacy for all - A toolkit. Ocean Solutions that benefit people. Spotlight on the Exploitation of Company Structures by Illegal Fishing Operators. African Approaches to Maritime Security - The Gulf of Guinea Notes on the Expert Level Virtual Discussion Group (VDG) Meeting - Sustainability of the Yaounde Code of Conduct Architecture Notes on the Expert Level Virtual Discussion Group (VDG) Meeting - Combined Law Enforcement Cooperation with International Partners and Effective Participation with Industry Notes on the Expert Level Virtual Discussion Group (VDG) Meeting - The Role of Strategic Communications in Support of the Yaounde Code of Conduct Architecture Briefing on the Status of Implementation of the Yaounde Code of Conduct Architecture Soft Targets and Black Markets - A piece on Maritime Terrorism Blog Posts Blog Posts IWD 2022 – Gender Equality Today for a Sustainable Tomorrow An Ocean for the Youth - A Holistic Approach to Engaging the Youth in the Maritime Sector World Ocean Day - Collective Action Starts with You 5 Essential Traits That Make Youth Crucial to Addressing Ocean Challenges Newsletters Gulf Review - January 17, 2022 Newsletters Gulf Review - January 24, 2022 Gulf Review - January 31, 2022 Gulf Review - February 7, 2022 Gulf Review - February 14, 2022 Gulf Review - February 21, 2022 Gulf Review - February 28, 2022 Gulf Review - March 15, 2022 Gulf Review - March 21, 2022 Gulf Review - April 4, 2022 Gulf Review - April 11, 2022 Gulf Review - April 25, 2022 Gulf Review - May 9, 2022 Gulf Review - May 30, 2022 Gulf Review - June 20, 2022 Gulf Review - July 11, 2022 Gulf Review - August 8, 2022 Gulf Review - May 16, 2022 Gulf Review - June 6, 2022 Gulf Review - June 27, 2022 Gulf Review - July 18, 2022 Gulf Review - August 15, 2022 Gulf Review - May 23, 2022 Gulf Review - June 13, 2022 Gulf Review - July 04, 2022 Gulf Review - August 1, 2022 Gulf Review - August 22, 2022 Gulf Review - September 5, 2022 Gulf Review - September 12, 2022 Gulf Review - September 19, 2022 Gulf Review - September 26, 2022 Gulf Review - October 3, 2022 Gulf Review - October 10, 2022 Gulf Review - October 17, 2022 Gulf Review - October 24, 2022 Gulf Review - October 31, 2022 Gulf Review - November 7, 2022 Gulf Review - November 14, 2022 Gulf Review - November 21, 2022 Gulf Review - November 28, 2022 Gulf Review - December 5, 2022 Gulf Review - December 12, 2022 Gulf Review - December 19, 2022 Gulf Review - January 16, 2023 Gulf Review - January 30, 2023 2023 Gulf Review - January 23, 2023 Gulf Review - February 6, 2023 Gulf Review - February 20, 2023 Gulf Review - February 27, 2023 Gulf Review - April 17, 2023 Gulf Review - February 13, 2023 Gulf Review - March 13, 2023 Gulf Review - May 22, 2023 Gulf Review - June 5, 2023 Gulf Review - May 29, 2023 Gulf Review - June 12, 2023 Gulf Review - July 3, 2023 Gulf Review - June 26, 2023 Gulf Review - July 10, 2023 Gulf Review - July 24, 2023 Gulf Review - July 31, 2023 Gulf Review - August 14, 2023 Gulf Review - July 17, 2023 Gulf Review - August 7, 2023 Gulf Review - August 21, 2023 Gulf Review - October 23, 2023 Gulf Review - September 11, 2023 Gulf Review - September 18, 2023 Gulf Review - October 2, 2023 Gulf Review - October 9, 2023 Gulf Review - October 16, 2023 Gulf Review - September 4, 2023 Gulf Review - September 25, 2023 Gulf Review - October 30, 2023 Gulf Review - November 6, 2023 Gulf Review - November 20, 2023 Gulf Review - November 27, 2023 Gulf Review - November 13, 2023 Gulf Review - December 4, 2023 Gulf Review - December 11, 2023 Gulf Review - December 18 , 2023 Gulf Review - January 29, 2023 Gulf Review - January 15, 2023 Gulf Review - January 22, 2023 2024 Gulf Review - February 5, 2023 Gulf Review - February 12, 2023 Gulf Review - February 19, 2023 Gulf Review - March 25, 2023 Gulf Review - March 4, 2023 Gulf Review - February 26, 2023 Gulf Review - March 18, 2023 Gulf Review - March 11, 2023 Gulf Review - April 8, 2023 Gulf Review - April 15, 2023

THE GULF SPECTRUM GoGMI Journal of Maritime Research About the Journal The Gulf Spectrum is a flagship journal by the Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute (GoGMI), intended to provide stakeholders across the Gulf of Guinea and beyond with unique, local perspectives on critical issues surrounding maritime governance, safety and security in the Gulf of Guinea. From piracy and armed robbery at sea to marine environmental concerns such as plastic pollution, the journal will feature contributions that not only highlight the Gulf’s most pertinent ocean governance concerns, but also explore practicable approaches to addressing these, taking into consideration national and regional contexts. The journal will be published annually; however, thematic areas could run longer as single volumes. Each volume of the journal will be characterised by its own writing style in terms of referencing, word count limits, etc., based on discussions with the journal’s editorial board. Rationale The Gulf Spectrum comes at a crucial point in the Gulf of Guinea’s history, with piratical activity at its lowest point in nearly a decade. The sudden drop in piracy and armed robbery at sea raises some key questions: Can the drop in piratical activities be sustained? Are criminal groups merely shifting their focus to other grey areas of maritime criminality in the region?dit the text and include the information you would like to feature? What interlinkages exist between the region’s broad arrays of maritime security concerns? Beyond these security-centered concerns, the Gulf of Guinea - considered as hosting one of the world’s largest marine ecosystems - is characterised by marine environmental concerns, several of which also have notable intersections with maritime safety and security. The region’s complex and dynamic threat path points to the need to develop a more holistic understanding of its intricacies - an understanding that can only be developed if adequate efforts are put in place to consolidate research outputs and perspectives on varying facets of ocean governance in the Gulf of Guinea. ​ The Gulf Spectrum provides one of the most exclusive, local-driven platforms for this consolidation. By disseminating well-written, analytical pieces from authors within the Gulf of Guinea, the journal will allow its readers to explore unfolding incidents through insider lenses and to hear the voices that matter the most in shaping governance outcomes in a region that was once considered the most dangerous for seafarers across the globe. Subscribe to get exclusive updates about the Journal Email Join Our Mailing List Thanks for subscribing! About Volume 1: Maritime Security Interventions in the Gulf of Guinea It is clear that maritime security debates over the past few decades have centered on the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) – a region considered the most dangerous for seafarers – and the unique conundrum it presents to maritime security cooperation. The Gulf of Guinea is crucial, not only because it is geographically cardinal to maritime trade but also because its strategic significance is largely interwoven with the interests of a large number of actors. The implications of this are as extensive and multifaceted. For instance, while it does imply a multiplicity of interests in enhancing the region’s maritime security, it equally infers the exposure of the region to a more complex set of maritime security threats, as well as a more complex set of responses to these threats. The Gulf is therefore characterised by an intricate nexus of threats and governance challenges that have resulted in varied responses from different levels of actors. ​ From the composite Yaoundé Architecture to the multi-actor G7++ Friends of the Gulf of Guinea, these interventions have emerged in response to the peculiar nature of maritime security challenges faced by the region and are likely to evolve as the dynamics of those challenges change over time. The implications of this proliferation of interventions are two-fold. First, it deepens the need for partnerships and collaborations across a broad range of stakeholders. Second, it heightens elements of informality and experimentation in governance approaches towards attaining shared goals within the region. Whether such an evolution will be beneficial to advancing the multiplex of interests in the region, however, is dependent on a contextual analysis of how their discourses and practices have shaped the maritime security architecture of the region and how various actors deal with the complexities of the region’s maritime security environment. It is also dependent on a credible assessment of how efforts in the region aimed at addressing maritime security concerns can be more effectively coordinated and harnessed towards the attainment of shared interests. This volume seeks to collate research on the complexity of maritime security interventions in the Gulf of Guinea, with the ultimate intent of illuminating viable pathways for harmonizing collective efforts towards enhancing shared goals. Submissions will address the following thematic areas: Evolution of Maritime Security Initiatives Range of existing Initiatives Actor Relations and Responses Request a Copy Today! First name Email Last name Code Phone Choose an option Address Proceed to checkout Thanks for your order! 300 GHC ONLY!

THE GULF SPECTRUM GoGMI Journal of Maritime Research About the Journal The Gulf Spectrum is a flagship journal by the Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute (GoGMI), intended to provide stakeholders across the Gulf of Guinea and beyond with unique, local perspectives on critical issues surrounding maritime governance, safety and security in the Gulf of Guinea. From piracy and armed robbery at sea to marine environmental concerns such as plastic pollution, the journal will feature contributions that not only highlight the Gulf’s most pertinent ocean governance concerns, but also explore practicable approaches to addressing these, taking into consideration national and regional contexts. The journal will be published annually; however, thematic areas could run longer as single volumes. Each volume of the journal will be characterised by its own writing style in terms of referencing, word count limits, etc., based on discussions with the journal’s editorial board. Rationale The Gulf Spectrum comes at a crucial point in the Gulf of Guinea’s history, with piratical activity at its lowest point in nearly a decade. The sudden drop in piracy and armed robbery at sea raises some key questions: Can the drop in piratical activities be sustained? Are criminal groups merely shifting their focus to other grey areas of maritime criminality in the region?dit the text and include the information you would like to feature? What interlinkages exist between the region’s broad arrays of maritime security concerns? Beyond these security-centered concerns, the Gulf of Guinea - considered as hosting one of the world’s largest marine ecosystems - is characterised by marine environmental concerns, several of which also have notable intersections with maritime safety and security. The region’s complex and dynamic threat path points to the need to develop a more holistic understanding of its intricacies - an understanding that can only be developed if adequate efforts are put in place to consolidate research outputs and perspectives on varying facets of ocean governance in the Gulf of Guinea. ​ The Gulf Spectrum provides one of the most exclusive, local-driven platforms for this consolidation. By disseminating well-written, analytical pieces from authors within the Gulf of Guinea, the journal will allow its readers to explore unfolding incidents through insider lenses and to hear the voices that matter the most in shaping governance outcomes in a region that was once considered the most dangerous for seafarers across the globe. Subscribe to get exclusive updates about the Journal Email Join Our Mailing List Thanks for subscribing! About Volume 1: Maritime Security Interventions in the Gulf of Guinea It is clear that maritime security debates over the past few decades have centered on the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) – a region considered the most dangerous for seafarers – and the unique conundrum it presents to maritime security cooperation. The Gulf of Guinea is crucial, not only because it is geographically cardinal to maritime trade but also because its strategic significance is largely interwoven with the interests of a large number of actors. The implications of this are as extensive and multifaceted. For instance, while it does imply a multiplicity of interests in enhancing the region’s maritime security, it equally infers the exposure of the region to a more complex set of maritime security threats, as well as a more complex set of responses to these threats. The Gulf is therefore characterised by an intricate nexus of threats and governance challenges that have resulted in varied responses from different levels of actors. ​ From the composite Yaoundé Architecture to the multi-actor G7++ Friends of the Gulf of Guinea, these interventions have emerged in response to the peculiar nature of maritime security challenges faced by the region and are likely to evolve as the dynamics of those challenges change over time. The implications of this proliferation of interventions are two-fold. First, it deepens the need for partnerships and collaborations across a broad range of stakeholders. Second, it heightens elements of informality and experimentation in governance approaches towards attaining shared goals within the region. Whether such an evolution will be beneficial to advancing the multiplex of interests in the region, however, is dependent on a contextual analysis of how their discourses and practices have shaped the maritime security architecture of the region and how various actors deal with the complexities of the region’s maritime security environment. It is also dependent on a credible assessment of how efforts in the region aimed at addressing maritime security concerns can be more effectively coordinated and harnessed towards the attainment of shared interests. This volume seeks to collate research on the complexity of maritime security interventions in the Gulf of Guinea, with the ultimate intent of illuminating viable pathways for harmonizing collective efforts towards enhancing shared goals. Submissions will address the following thematic areas: Evolution of Maritime Security Initiatives Range of existing Initiatives Actor Relations and Responses Request a Copy Today! First name Email Last name Code Phone Choose an option Address Proceed to checkout Thanks for your order! 300 GHC ONLY!

Eyes to Sea: What African States Truly Need By Stephanie Schandorf, Associate Director, Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute January 1o, 2023 To sea, or not to sea? For many African States, that is the question. On a continent bedeviled by a shedload of land-centric concerns, advocating a seaward outlook is almost like screaming at a toddler to focus on their homework in the middle of a circus…a real one. You can hardly blame them for “failing” when the distractions are so difficult to ignore. The continent has a full cardinal compass of insecurities and transnational governance concerns that are impossible to overlook. In northern Africa, the conflict in Ukraine has heightened food insecurity for economies already crippled by the COVID-19 pandemic and prolonged droughts. In the west, an average of five large-scale civil wars and a series of military coups in the past decade have claimed hundreds of thousands of lives and stalled socio-economic advancement at all levels. ​ East Africa? It has been described by the Center for Strategic and International Security Studies as “one of the most conflicted and poorly-governed corners of the world”. By March 2022, over half a million lives had been lost as a result of the war and related insecurities in the Tigray region of Ethiopia alone. ​ The central and southern parts of Africa are not left out of the continental chaos either. Conflict in the Central African Republic has led to unprecedented inflationary pressures and food insecurity, while several parts of southern Africa are typified by inequality, xenophobia and racism. ​ The land-based challenges are as permeating as they are complex, so it certainly seems prudent for African States to focus efforts on addressing them. Look a little closer though, and you will find that within the context of Africa, the ocean holds one of the greatest prospects for a win-win. ​ For one, Africa has the largest number of coastal countries, several of which are increasingly reliant on fisheries, not only as the primary source of animal protein, but also as a source of income. According to World Bank estimates, well over 12 million people depend on the sector for their livelihoods - a figure that is anticipated to sky-rocket to nearly 22 million by 2050. Again, despite being an ailing sector, fisheries directly contribute over $24 billion to the African economy annually. ​ That’s just one piece of the continent’s blue economy pie. There are other traditional blue economy sectors such as transportation or shipping, offshore exploration and tourism, as well as emerging sectors such as renewable energy. Together, these sectors are estimated to be worth $405 billion by 2030 - an amount capable of clearing more than 55% of the continent’s 2021 total external public debt value. ​ But it’s not just about the economic prospects. Whether it is oil in Nigeria, mineral resources in DR Congo or land in Zimbabwe, competition for natural resources has been one of the primary drivers of conflicts across the continent. Again, the ocean holds the answer! A well-managed ocean economy could contribute greatly to addressing Africa’s resource conflicts. ​ Consider the fact that the conflict in the Niger-Delta was largely as a result of pollution from oil exploration activities and the damage that this caused to the marine life and fisheries resources, which communities around the creek were so dependent on. Ultimately, the conflict escalated into the deepening situation of piracy and armed robbery at sea across the Gulf of Guinea, which for several years characterised it as the most dangerous region for seafarers. Again, illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU) along the coasts of West Africa has the tendency to destabilise fishing communities and result in conflicts. Likewise, it is linked to a broad range of other maritime transnational organised crimes in the region such as illegal trafficking of drugs and arms, each of which have contributed immensely to creating a conflict-prone West Africa. ​ Arguably then, just as poor management of the ocean space has the tendency to destabilise entire regions of the continent across all levels of security (national, economic, food, environmental and ultimately, human), so also effective maritime regulation and enforcement has increased prospects for contributing to sustainable peace and security for Africa. Africa’s 30,500km of coastline opens the continent up to a far more extensive resource wealth than ever envisaged. However, if the continent is ever to benefit from this potential, we need to shift our focus seaward. And we need to do so now. ​ In contrast to the raging, never-ending battle for resources on land, the calm of the ocean beckons a burdened continent into a new era of economic advancement…an era marked by a more sustainable relationship with our ocean planet. Added perk? The climate will thank us for it. The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute Launches the Blue Mentorship Program. November 4, 2022 New program to support the development of a future maritime workforce and foster Africa’s youth engagement in sustainable blue economy careers, businesses and entrepreneurial actions. On the 2nd of November, 2022, the Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute (GoGMI) launched its maiden Blue Mentorship Programme. The programme aims to develop talented young individuals who are passionate about Africa’s maritime industry, and support novel ideas that have the potential to revitalize existing ocean sectors and industrialize emerging ones for the strategic development of national economies. Through a combination of curated platforms, the Blue Mentorship Program will foster a network of young individuals to meet, share and collaborate on different fronts while expanding their skill set and knowledge base in the creation of ocean-based industries and economic activities to drive long-term value to the continent. ​ In a post-COVID era, youth bear great potential to contribute to the: co-creation of international frameworks and guidelines to protect the blue environment; investment in innovation, technologies, and human capital for developing ocean sectors; actions geared towards effective biodiversity and environmental conservation as well as mitigation of the effects of climate change; shaping of national visions for the sustainable blue economy; enhancement of entrepreneurship within the blue economy; and provision of maritime domain awareness solutions to improve monitoring, control, and surveillance of activities in the blue space. To achieve these set targets, the Blue Mentorship Programme will strive to identify blue economy sector opportunities and provide youth with access to maritime industry mentorship and support services to realize their potential. The mentorship programme aims to provide solutions and resources to improve career and business connections and financing for innovations in blue entrepreneurial activities in the Gulf of Guinea region. It will seek to develop collaborative research networks across the sub-region dedicated to enhancing indigenous understanding of Africa’s blue economy sectors. The Blue Mentorship Programme will build on the GoGMI’s track record of providing unique platforms for sharing ideas and researching strategic maritime affairs, and producing solutions that address the current imbalance in the Gulf of Guinea region’s maritime studies, where local opinions and interests are under-represented. ​ In tandem with the launch, the mentorship programme will begin with a training course that will lay the foundation for the broader activities that will be conducted under the programme. The training course will be conducted on a virtual platform over a series of nine (9) online sessions (including interactive sessions), under the topic, ‘’Youth in Africa’s Blue Economy: Developing Sustainable Careers and Businesses’’, to expose the cohort to various career opportunities in Africa’s Blue Economy and guide them through the variegated pathways for developing related sustainable careers. The training will cover four (4) modules from 8th – 18th November 2022. ​ In line with a commitment to contribute to the efforts of the UN Ocean Decade, the Blue Mentorship Programme will support collaborative research that is accessible and contribute to the diversity and inclusion of young people and females in sustainable ocean development. GoGMI invites all corporate, and international development organizations and industry partners who are passionate about innovation, diversity, and inclusion of young minds in the development of Africa’s blue economy to support the Blue mentorship financially as well as with technical expertise. Next Visit the Blue Mentorship Programme page for more information. 5 Essential Traits that Make Youth Crucial to Addressing Ocean Challenges. By Lawrence Dogli, Programs Coordinator, Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute July 19, 2022 As the maritime industry faces pressure to mobilize actions for major structural transformations and common shared solutions in addressing the many threats that the ocean faces, the relevance of engaging a workforce in a new ocean front: one that is more digitized, innovative and diverse than ever before, is increasing. ​ What do African leaders need to know about the youth as they forge a course to build a future-ready maritime workforce that will industrialize new ocean sectors, grow their economies and provide employment opportunities for their citizens? ​ In this blog, I want to share five traits that make the youth crucial to addressing ocean challenges, post-COVID. African leaders that fail to involve young people in seeking solutions that address some of the defining issues including marine pollution, diminishing marine and coastal ecosystems, ocean acidification and illegal and over-fishing, risk the flowering of much needed science-based innovative solutions for ocean prosperity. Young people are data-literate. Data-fuelled ocean industries provide exponential transformations in the management of ocean resources for sustainable economic development. The collection of information such as ocean patterns, sea floors, ocean currents and water temperatures could help us manage the impact of climate change, reduce pollution including plastics, and increase the equitable usage of ocean resources particularly in vulnerable coastal communities. ​ As the maritime industry continues to generate tremendous amount of data, countries with more data-literate people will become key to transforming ocean data into knowledge and actions for innovation and sustainability, and ultimately drive actions to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development. ​ This will require efforts by various stakeholders to share data, provide resources including innovative platforms and knowledge tools to build a digital ocean ecosystem. Young people will then play a key role and be responsible for collating and visualizing ocean data in planning for vibrant and productive ocean industries. At the national level, institutions that play various roles in the management and usage of ocean resources should view ocean data as a national asset and garner the momentum to lead initiatives that are needed for studying and understanding ocean data. ​ The most successful ocean economies recognise the importance of analyzing ocean data to unlock the many benefits the ocean provides for it citizens. ​ 2. They’re comfortable adopting the ever-expanding technologies, new ocean sectors and markets. The World Economic Forum report on Future of Jobs projects that in the mid-term of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, job destruction will most likely be offset by job growth in the 'jobs of tomorrow'—the surging demand for workers who can fill blue and green economy jobs, roles at the forefront of the data and AI economy, as well as new roles in ocean engineering, cloud computing and fisheries product development. ​ These emerging professions also reflect the continuing importance of human interactions in the new ocean economy and how these can be effectively merged not only with the increasing demand for blue economy jobs, but also with the emergence of ocean-based technology and IoT sensing as well as novel approaches to offshore energy production, sustainable aquaculture, shipping logistics efficiency and more. ​ While there have been concerns of mass job displacement and competing claims to unique human capabilities by artificial intelligence, a robust and indigenous African leadership will be essential to connecting economic and social systems that complement human capabilities instead of replacing them – in areas like ocean science education and training. ​ In all cases, organizations should institute regulatory guidelines when adopting technologies, keeping in mind that there may be friction between people and culture, especially in coastal communities. ​ 3. They are empowered How can the maritime industry respond to the undersized ‘’voice gap’’ of young people all around the world? That is, a gap between the levels of influence youth can potentially have in addressing oceanic challenges given the current global context, and the opportunities they have to speak up. ​ The high levels of imbalance we’re seeing in terms of inclusivity and equity in a sustainable ocean economy, and the policy and economic implications that flow from it, likely has to do with the size of engagement with the broad constituency of ocean users and supporters, particularly the youth. ​ Today, young people are finding their voices and using available social platforms to share their views and lead ocean actions. They are finding meaning and purpose in the work they do. ​ African leaders should seize this opportunity to engage in a new ocean social contract that delivers meaningful progress and social impact while supporting young people to drive change and develop innovative solutions that solve the many ocean challenges. Tenets of such a contract include; Identification of young people with leadership and innovative skills Continuous investment in skills development and knowledge sharing among youth Respect for young people’s voice Generation of opportunities for young people to access perspectives of other ocean narratives and ways of working ​ 4. They respect and understand the value of “good jobs.” Today’s youth have standards: This in the context of an ocean economy means the urgent need to focus on both social and economic motivation as a crucial component of ocean development. ​ As such, African leaders should aim to ensure that the outcomes of future ocean economies not only focus on monetary values but also support people’s needs and aspirations. If not, the impact of ocean values and the contributions of youth efforts to ocean services may not be fully realized. ​ This situation tends to hurt national economic policies as subjective well-being has become a measure of social and economic performance, now known as economics of happiness. ​ Raising young people’s decision-making and engagement levels leads to higher worker satisfaction. Happier youths are more enthusiastic about their work and more likely to stay at their jobs. African leaders should prioritize developing ocean action plans that link young people’s well-being and experience with the maritime industry priorities and transformational goals. 5. They are resolute to advances in equity and the environment. As we navigate towards future ocean governance, it is essential that African policy makers while defining an inclusive blue economy, cultivate fairness and equity in the workforce. Actions include exposing young people to STEM at an early age; making higher ocean science education more affordable and more equitable; hiring based on skill set rather than degree; and assessing and diversifying professional ocean networks. ​ In terms of changing institutional culture, the maritime industry should consider tapping into broader, more diverse youth networks when recruiting staff. ​ For young people in particular, the idea of equity extends to governance and environmental issues equally. A recent millennial employee study found that more millennials won’t take a job if it doesn’t have a strong corporate social responsibility policy, and would be more loyal to a company that helps them contribute to social and environmental issues. ​ In setting environmental priorities for maritime sustainability, industry should consider adopting “inside-out” approaches, which allows for inputs from young people. This approach is particularly essential in terms of strategies for sustainable maritime businesses as it requires convening those who define the culture of a company — including young people — and discussing what the company exists for and the contribution it wants to make in the world – in the case of maritime, ocean transformations. Download Collective Action Starts with You A World Oceans Day Blog Post By: Stephanie Oserwa Schandorf, 14th June, 2022 This year’s World Oceans Day was a great chance to reflect on the centrality of the ocean to supporting livelihoods. However, the theme for the celebration, Revitalization: Collective Action for the Ocean, connotes a longer-lasting contemplation of the ocean space beyond the single opportunity World Oceans Day presents. It calls for a progressive understanding of the importance of the deep blue and the harmonisation of efforts across the globe towards ensuring its sustainability. Perhaps a crucial first step towards this desired state is to ask this one question: what comes to mind when you think about the ocean? ​ The answer comes much more quickly to some people than it does to others. Individuals living in coastal communities for instance, have a much broader range of interactions with the ocean; thus, the answers might come more easily to them. If you do not live along the coast, or if you have had very limited opportunities to interact directly with the ocean, it may take a while. However, it is important that as individuals who are highly dependent on the planet, we each attempt to figure out what answers hold true for us. ​ Chances are that we may have varying responses. According to The Human Relationship with our Ocean Planet , a Blue Paper by the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy, we often view our relationship with the ocean at material, relational or subjective levels. This blog post will focus on two broad categories instead: material and intrinsic levels. ​ Let’s start with the material level. For most people, when they think about the ocean, they think about fish. They are right. The fish that the ocean produces is highly essential to supporting the well-being and livelihoods of billions of people across the globe. As a matter of fact, fisheries resources are often the most critical source of high-quality protein for developing countries and the world’s poorest nations. Without fish, a state of food security would be incredibly hard to attain. It doesn’t just end at fish, though. Seafood generally is a major component of diets across the globe and one of the primary keys to building sustainable food systems. ​ Of course, the ocean’s material benefits extend far beyond seafood. Although the ocean is a large body of water, we seldom think of its importance to freshwater supplies. It’s too salty to do us any good, we often assume. Get this: the ocean’s major role in regulating our planet’s climate is the reason behind rain and storm systems that provide the fresh water that is so fundamental to life on Earth. Again, with fresh water becoming such a limited resource in several regions across the globe, large-scale desalination of ocean water is becoming a very real consideration. ​ The ocean also serves as a great source of renewable energy and minerals. Before you even remotely think, “Who cares?”, consider the fact that our planet is battling with some major effects of climate change, largely as a result of our use of unsustainable energy sources…effects that are bound to affect your own future generations if nothing is done about them. The ocean provides a pathway out of this fate. ​ Furthermore, the most under-explored parts of the ocean hold some of the greatest secrets for medical breakthroughs. Unique organisms and ecosystems found in the ocean depths are beginning to point scientists to solutions for addressing some major terminal diseases and the pharmaceutical industry is fast becoming one of the major beneficiaries of ocean exploration. ​ We also think of the shipping industry when we consider the ocean. We think of its implications for economic growth, for development…for the advancement of societies. We think of the wealth it brings to individuals and businesses. It is harder to quantify the intrinsic value of the ocean; these are often felt rather than experienced in a tangible sense. Even if you are not a coastal dweller, chances are that the ocean often leaves you in a sense of awe and wonder. It gives you an opportunity to reflect, meditate and connect with your deeper senses of freedom and adventure, each of which is important to your general well-being as an individual. We tend to underestimate this value when it is, in fact, one of the greatest reasons to protect the ocean. It has served as a source of inspiration to many, inciting creativity, rejuvenating mental health and giving millions of individuals a sense of inner-peace. There’s no way we can put a price on these. ​ It is clear then that we depend on the ocean for our very survival. However, the ocean is facing a host of threats that have dire implications for the services it provides us as humans. It is easy for us to ignore all the raving and ranting about the need to safeguard the oceans…easy for us to look the other way, simply because it feels much better to us to pretend there is no problem. There is; and it is not going away until we take some giant steps. Focus on the broad range of interactions you have with the ocean…on the broad range of interactions all humans have with the ocean. Let that give you the momentum you need to face the problem and take some decisive action. Download Download AN OCEAN FOR THE YOUTH A Holistic Approach to Engaging the Youth in the Maritime Sector By: Stephanie Oserwa Schandorf, 22nd March, 2022 ​ As African youth, we have, for ourselves, a continent that really is ours to run. Africa has the highest percentage of youth in its population than any other continent, and that makes us the continent with the world’s youngest population. At the same time, there’s this vast Blue Economy potential that could well be the key to Africa’s economic advancement. This is in such stark contrast to the fact that Africa has some of the highest unemployment rates in the world. Now let’s take a moment to shift to a global perspective of the problem. The recently concluded United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 26) saw States come together to try to accelerate action towards the goals of the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Here’s one thing that was clear: there was a heightened recognition not only of the centrality of the ocean to regulating global climate, but also of the adverse implications of climate change on the ocean and the ocean economy. Throughout the conference, this awareness had to be juxtaposed with the sovereign and competing interests of States and the element of political will – or more specifically, the lack of it. This has been the consistent challenge faced by debates centered on climate change and the need to protect the ocean. Ultimately, it has been a vicious cycle of recognizing the problems; but not having enough political momentum to take concrete actions towards addressing them. This should be of great concern to African States because climate change and its adverse implications for marine life and the blue economy is likely to hit vulnerable African States and coastal communities hardest. ​ So what really is the solution to this conundrum? And we’re not simply talking about positioning African States to influence outcomes at major global conventions like the COP. How can we align African State interests and political will with the ultimate goal of sustainable oceans for a vibrant Blue Economy? ​ We’ll need to unpack this with a few more questions. What is root cause of this disconnect between what is considered as being in the interest of African States and the need to safeguard the ocean? It is safe to say that one of the principal root causes is sea blindness. So now, how can this persistent sea blindness be addressed? ​ The best way to address sea blindness is simply to end it. If you are like me, then it’s safe to say that we were raised as a generation of individuals that were oblivious to the ocean…its importance and the career paths it holds. Now that we recognize this fact, we can begin to push for a reorientation of systems at the national level to raise future generations differently. Ending sea blindness requires deliberate steps at the national level to: Cultivate in our young ones a love and passion for the ocean. There are really some simple ways to achieve this. For instance, elements of ocean literacy can be adapted into school curricula, even it means that they end up being integrated as co-curricular activities. Expose the youth to blue career opportunities. It is really important to let youth know the range of possibilities that they can successfully explore and exploit within the maritime sector. ​ Groom them with the skill-sets needed to enter the maritime labour market. Of course, this definitely means taking into consideration technological advancements in the maritime sector and equipping youth with requisite technical know-how. I think though that what is crucial in all of this is the need to look beyond mainstream biases. Often, we think of only two sides of the spectrum when it comes to maritime career paths – we may think of seafarers on one side of the spectrum and ocean scientists like marine biologists on the other. But we need to break away from this limited focus to see how existing career paths can lead back to the ocean. Public relations specialists and communicators, journalists, economists, psychologists, accountants…each of these professions have unique roles they can play towards ensuring a vibrant and sustainable Blue Economy. As an example, when we shift the maritime security narrative to the well-being of seafarers, we become increasingly aware of the role of psychologists, for instance, in studying the impact of piratical threats to the mental health and wellbeing of seafarers. ​ Here's the central message: individuals in various professions who develop a passion for the ocean later on can always find a way of contributing meaningfully to the Blue Economy without having to shelve away their existing skills in order to acquire a completely different set of skills, even if their main field of work is not within typical Blue Economy sectors. The Blue Economy encompasses so many more professions than we give it credit for. If my passion is to become a journalist or an economist – a politician, maybe – I can still find a way to merge this beautifully with the advancement of the Blue Economy and build my skill-set around that, developing a unique niche in my field of work. The possibilities are endless. ​ Of course, industry practitioners also need a shift in perspective to truly appreciate the wealth of youth they have at their disposal. They need to understand the cross-linkages between the maritime sector and other disciplines to absorb beyond the limited range of youth that have acquired “conventional” maritime skill sets. Organisations dedicated to safeguarding the ocean must equally begin to think outside the box and recognise the truly interdisciplinary nature of viable efforts aimed at safeguarding the ocean space. As a matter of fact, the fluidity and interconnectedness of the 5 separate oceans is the perfect metaphor for these cross-linkages between disciplines in addressing ocean problems. ​ Now that we’ve looked at pathways to ending sea blindness, let’s take a step back. We get that Africa has a rather youthful population…but what’s so special about the youth? Why are they so essential to driving change and building a thriving blue economy for Africa? ​ Well, it’s great that I’m driving towards a major point here with a question because here’s something interesting: history has really pointed to the fact that the most remarkable breakthroughs are driven by asking the right questions. Think about Isaac Newton, who asked himself: “What causes objects to stop when they are already in motion?”. Or, think of Einstein who asked himself: “If the speed of light is constant and it travels through space and time, what does that mean for space and time?”. In either case, the breakthroughs from asking these questions laid the foundation for several global advancements today. ​ According to renowned neurologist, Susan Greenfield, creativity starts with questioning dogma. Enough said then….and on to the next question. Take a moment to think back. At what point in our lives are we best at asking questions? When we are young! So, it really isn’t just mundane rhetoric to say that youth are more likely to generate useful dialogue by asking the right questions. Now this doesn’t discredit the wealth of experience and insights that older generations can bring to the maritime sector. It only highlights the fact that youth have a more unique role to play in driving innovative solutions to the ocean’s challenges. This is definitely a grey area that African youth need to exploit. Now, let’s get back to what I mentioned earlier about why it’s so important to end sea blindness. Let’s imagine a future COP (or any crucial conference centered on ocean governance and maritime security) where African States have taken concrete steps to build a love and passion for the ocean in that generation, to encourage individuals to explore ocean careers, and so on and so forth. What’s going to happen? We’ll likely have a team of delegates attending the conference who truly understand how crucial the ocean is to the well-being of their citizens…delegates who are able to press for outcomes that would ultimately favour the development of a thriving and sustainable Blue Economy. ​ We really have nothing to lose. ​ Let’s conclude on this note. Climate change and its impact on the ocean and the ocean economy is certainly an issue that needs to be addressed urgently, as are all other ocean governance and maritime security concerns such as piracy and IUU; but they are also issues that are likely to remain on the global agenda for decades to come. Grooming a large number of African youth to love the ocean and pursue careers centered around safeguarding it may not have noticeable effects now. It does imply, however, that generations to come will be more sensitised about the ocean, the threats it faces and how to effectively address them. It also means that these generations will be more willing to take collective action towards addressing oceanic threats. Let’s not forget the other side of the coin. African States will emerge with more vibrant Blue Economies championed by its youthful population because we would have exposed them to the economic potential of Africa’s maritime sectors. Illustrations by Storyset IWD 2022 – GENDER EQUALITY TODAY FOR A SUSTAINABLE TOMORROW Reflections on Ocean Sustainability By: Stephanie Oserwa Schandorf, 8th March, 2022 International Women’s Day presents a unique opportunity to reflect on the invaluable role women play in societies across the globe – and to recognise the major challenges and inhibitions they face. The theme this year rests on the intersection between a burgeoning recognition of the need to ensure a sustainable planet for generations to come, and the immutable power women have to drive innovation and change towards this end. ​ Perhaps this intersection is even more prominent in the area of ocean sustainability, where a convoluted mix of threats shroud a myriad of opportunities. The ocean space presents a peculiar conundrum that can never fully be addressed without the inclusion of all segments of society – especially the often marginalised and vulnerable groups. As a matter of fact, case studies from around the world have corroborated the need to include female leadership in the management of coastal and marine ecosystems for more beneficial outcomes. ​ From the protection of the marine environment in general, to advancing sustainable fisheries in particular, investments in women often have rippling effects across entire communities. In 2017, UN Women shared a vivid portrayal of this posit – the story of a 68-year-old woman who defied all odds by becoming the first fisherwoman in her community in Thiaroue-sur-Mer, Senegal. Yayi Bayam Diouf went on to empower several other women within her community to engage in sustainable fishing and aquaculture as a means of safeguarding their livelihoods. ​ Women’s active participation in marine environmental sustainability could also wield much deeper undertones than ever envisaged. For instance, research has begun to show that countries that have larger numbers female parliamentarians are more likely to ratify international environmental agreements . Again, women offer unique perspectives for addressing marine environmental concerns that could otherwise be missed. ​ In spite of these crucial contributions of women, a segmentation of roles within several blue economy sectors has systematically positioned them to earn much less remuneration than their male counterparts. As a matter of fact, women are approximately 90% more involved in low-paid tasks and are usually unable to engage in “higher-value” work based on societal segregations, despite constituting half of all seafood workers across the globe. What’s more, they are often the most adversely affected by major oceanic challenges, from the climate crisis to plastic pollution and illegal fishing. ​ International Women’s Day should represent an awakening of individuals across the globe that the ocean needs women as much as women need the ocean. Productive dialogues centered on the active integration of women into leadership roles to address complex sustainability challenges such as those facing the ocean are a crucial first step driving impactful change. We must #breakthebias…for the ocean. Download Download

Bienvenido al Instituto Marítimo del Golfo de Guinea - GoGMI Towards the Index Every Monday, the Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute publishes its maritime-targeted newsletter, the Gulf Review. By providing highlights on maritime issues and occurrences over each past week, the Gulf Review serves as a data hub, from which extensive analysis can be conducted. The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Governance Index is a subscription-based report that integrates data gathered from the Gulf Review to identify emerging trends and dynamics, blending industry and expert insights with opportunity assessments. A Rationale for the Index The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Governance Index will provide indigenous information through a regional lens on maritime safety, security and blue economy issues in the Gulf of Guinea region. This is a crucial preliminary step to finding sustainable solutions to close Africa’s ocean development gap, support a clean ocean transition and enhance maritime security across the continent. The goal of this initiative is to enhance a thorough understanding of the current state of development, opportunities, and challenges in the areas of maritime safety and security, marine environment, and Blue Economy development in the Gulf of Guinea Region. The data series will delve into maritime data and provide insightful perspectives to better understand the maritime landscape in the region. By offering unique and comprehensive power data and market intelligence, the Index will be used to inform the development of policies, strategies, and programs to support the sustainable development of the region's maritime sector. Components of the Index Importance Why is this so important? Evolution What is the overall development of the issue? Potential What are the existing opportunities and challenges? Preparedness How prepared are key stakeholders to exploit the opportunities and address the challenges? In order to provide an analysis for each issue, GoGMI considers all five components of the index: importance, evolution, potential and preparedness. Ultimately, the analysis within the index aims to interpret a broad range of maritime incidents and activities on the basis of these tenets and provide valuable insights for the various stakeholders in the GoG region. First Quarter Index 2023 - 6 June 2023 The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Governance Index integrates maritime issues and development specific to the Gulf of Guinea region. Its primary objective is to identify emerging trends and dynamics by combining industry and expert insights with assessment opportunities. Read More

Individual Membership GoGMI membership is offered on the basis of an individual’s interest and contribution to the region’s maritime strategic debate; all applications for membership need to be accompanied by a personal statement and the applicant’s CV. Members become part of an exclusive and prestigious network which they can access through the Institute’s events, publications and personal contact with GoGMI staff and experts. Our membership is intended for individuals with expertise and demonstrable interest in matters of ocean governance, maritime safety and security, maritime geopolitics and blue economy development. ANNUAL SUBSCRIBTION FEE: GHC 500.00 SIGN UP TODAY First Name Last Name Email Address Phone Country Company/Institution Position Go to Checkout Thank you for applying to become a member of the institute As a member , you’ll benefit from: Certificate of membership from the institute. Discount on registration for professional conferences. Exclusive access to our online library of resources Free participation in professional masterclasses and courses with industry experts on ocean governance and blue economy with certificates issued upon successful completion Exclusive invitations to our International Maritime Security Working Group forum series. Free access to GoGMI’s flagship Maritime Research Journal, The Gulf Spectrum The opportunity to lend your voice to the Institute’s forum, and contribute to our indigenous research activities and programs.

The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute (GoGMI) is an NGO dedicated to maritime security research, advocacy and capacity-building across the West African sub-region and beyond. We are currently expanding our reach and impact, with the help of innovative and driven young individuals. If you wish to support efforts towards the development of a thriving blue economy for Africa, we would love to have you as a volunteer in any of the following areas: OCEAN GOVERNANCE / MARITIME SECURITY RESEARCH ADVOCACY AND CONTENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT MANAGEMENT EVENTS APPLICATIONS CLOSED! To apply, kindly forward an application letter and CV (Applicant name - Document name.pdf) to volunteer@gogmi.org.gh with the subject: GOGMI VOLUNTEER PROGRAMME 2024.

JOB DESCRIPTION The Gulf of Guinea Maritime Institute is seeking an experienced and dynamic Associate Director to help our organisation to the next level of growth and impact. The ideal candidate must be a visionary leader with a passion for our mission and a track record of success in maritime research, public advocacy, and capacity development in the Gulf of Guinea region. ​ Responsibilities: Develop and implement strategic plans that advance the organisation's mission and vision in consultation with management. Oversee day-to-day operations, including program management, finance, fundraising, and human resources. Build and maintain relationships with key stakeholders, including donors, partners, and community members. Provide technical support and expertise for the implementation of research projects and grants. Represent the Institute at conferences, workshops, and strategic-level stakeholder engagements. Lead fundraising efforts and ensure financial sustainability of the organisation. Assist in talent acquisition and management. Ensure compliance with legal and ethical standards, including those related to financial management and programme delivery ​ Qualifications: Minimum of a Master’s degree in fields related to ocean governance, maritime security, coastal zone management, marine conservation and other relevant areas. Minimum of 5 years demonstrable experience in any maritime or ocean related field, preferably in a leadership position Proven track record of successful fundraising and revenue generation in the NGO sector Strong strategic planning and program development skills Excellent communication, interpersonal, and relationship-building skills Experience working with high-level stakeholders Experience in maritime administration and research is desired Must be a Ghanaian or a legal resident in Ghana. ​ Deadline for Application: 22nd March, 2023 ​ Applications must include a cover letter , resume , and contact information for three professional references . CLICK HERE TO APPLY

Corporate Partnership Expert Counsel Corporate partners receive private advisory insights from GoGMI members who share their proprietary works from analysis on matters of ocean governance, maritime safety and security. GoGMI partners use these insights to fill knowledge gaps, promote constructive national and international engagements and regulate sustainable maritime business strategies. Knowledge exchange and networking Higher-level corporate partners receive invitations to the Institute’s monthly IMSWG Forum which includes top decision makers both national and international, governments and corporate leaders who gather to discuss pressing maritime issues of concern. Business Consultancy GoGMI provides project and business consultancy services for partners that require a deeper understanding of crucial maritime issues and analysis in addition to any economic and political dynamics to make sound decisions. For an additional fee, GoGMI will conduct indigenous research on commercially relevant issues which inform business decision-making. Corporate partners are given priority access to, and discounted rates for our consultancy services. The Institute's corporate partnership engages institutions, organizations, RECS, industry, and the private sector as crucial partners. Through substantive partnerships, networking opportunities, and event sponsorship, partners have with unique opportunities to achieve business and corporate responsibility goals. Our corporate membership paths include:​ Strategic Partnership: Strategic partnerships are intended for national, regional and International organizations who seek the closest relationship with GoGMI and its experts - including benefiting from the Institute’s visibility and leveraging on its network at the highest level with governments, business leaders and other development partners. Our Strategic Partnerships are deeply collaborative attempts for entities to offer progressive support that will enable the Institute to develop programs that address the most pressing maritime issues facing the Gulf of Guinea region. Strategic partnerships also include partner involvement in the Institute’s monthly IMSWG forum and international events attended by regional and international maritime experts and leaders. Partners who subscribe to this partnership are offered access to GoGMI experts’ analysis on a broad range of maritime issues. 2. Program Partnerships Opportunity to engage with the Institute’s leading experts by supporting a program, or initiative working on issues critical to your business. Program partnership is designed for both local and international companies and institutions seeking to further develop their knowledge and understanding of maritime governance issues from an indigenous perspective. Companies that have an interest in or are expanding into a particular region or market will particularly benefit from the events and briefings offered by this level of partnership. Program partners benefit from the unlimited resources of expertise within GoGMI’s network and staff through private curated briefings, closed-door roundtables with GoGMI experts, and invitations to members-only local and regional events. 3. Event Partnerships: Seize the Institute’s high-level convening power by supporting an event. Benefits are strategically tailored around the gathering and your organization’s interests. Event partnerships are suitable for both local and international companies who wish to benefit from GoGMI’s visibility, and to network with local governments, industry leaders and maritime experts. It includes a close relationship with, and priority access to, the Institute’s staff through private, curated dialogue platforms on maritime safety and security, ocean governance, and geo-politics issues. Events include; International Maritime Defense and Exhibition Conference (IMDEC) International Maritime security Working Group Forum (IMSWG) and Blue Careers and Business EXPO (BCBE) 4. Embassy Partnership Embassy partnership is exclusive only to embassies and high commissions. This membership category is available for embassies looking to create impact in different maritime sectors with expert insights and analysis, and support development projects. ​ Embassy members get unlimited access to GoGMI’s expert research and analysis on strategic maritime issues from indigenous perspectives. They gain access to GoGMI’s exclusive event programme, specifically curated to offer in depth knowledge on maritime governance and maritime safety and security issues. These events provide unparalleled networking opportunities for members. Embassy membership provides also get to form closer ties with GoGMI experts and staff. Benefits: Nominate up to 5 to GoGMI who will receive publications and event invitations. International Events and Networking Invitations to select industry practice seminars Invitations to some member events, roundtable discussions, presentations and briefings Invitations to exclusive corporate breakfast briefings, boardrooms and webinars Priority invitations to exclusive events, such as VIP lunches or dinner meetings hosted by recognised figures from public and private maritime sectors. [Number of delegates] at the Institute’s major national, regional and international events and forums: Briefings and Consultancy ​ Get expert answers to your business questions with up to [number of briefings] a year (depending on format) on key ocean governance, maritime safety and security, political, and economic issues as identified by you. Briefings are provided by GoGMI experts. Invitations to curated private roundtable meetings specifically designed to Corporate Partners’ needs with relevant and pressing topics and discussions [Number of delegates] at the Institute’s major national, regional and international events and forums: Publications and Resources Receive up to [depending on how many forums are held in a year] per year of the Institute’s publications: The IMSWG Forum, providing in-depth analysis of general strategic issues ​ ​ Online access to the Members area of GoGMI website, including access to publications recorded webinars. ​ Access to presentations Partner With Us Today! Name of Organization Email Phone Country Address Contact Person's Full Name Position Email Partner With Us! Thank you! We will be in touch.

NUESTROS SERVICIOS Services: Programs FACILITATION OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIPS TO FOSTER MARITIME SAFETY AND SECURITY IN THE GULF OF GUINEA REGION. DEVELOPMENT OF POLICY BRIEFS, ARTICLES AND OTHER RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS ORGANIZACIÓN DE CONGRESOS Y EXPOSICIONES INTERNACIONALES DESARROLLO, AUDITORÍA Y VALIDACIÓN DE PLANES DE SEGURIDAD MARÍTIMA CORPORATIVA SERVICIOS DE CONSULTORÍA EN SEGURIDAD MARÍTIMA SEGUIMIENTO DE LAS ACTIVIDADES EN EL DOMINIO MARÍTIMO DE GHANA INCLUYENDO LA PESCA, EL COMERCIO MARÍTIMO Y LA EXPLORACIÓN DE PETRÓLEO CUALQUIER OTRO SERVICIO QUE CONTRIBUYA A UN DOMINIO MARÍTIMO SEGURO, SEGURO Y LIMPIO DE LA REGIÓN DEL GOLFO DE GUINEA

MARITIME SECURITY INTERVENTIONS AUDIT Background and Rationale It is clear that maritime security debates over the past few decades have centered on the Gulf of Guinea (GoG) – a region considered the most dangerous for seafarers – and the unique conundrum it presents to maritime security cooperation. The Gulf of Guinea is crucial, not only because it is geographically cardinal to maritime trade but also because its strategic significance is largely interwoven with the interests of a large number of actors. The implications of this are as extensive and multifaceted. For instance, while it does imply a multiplicity of interests in enhancing the region’s maritime security, it equally infers the exposure of the region to a more complex set of maritime security threats, as well as a more complex set of responses to these threats. The Gulf is therefore characterised by an intricate nexus of threats and governance challenges that have resulted in varied responses from different levels of actors. From the composite Yaoundé Architecture to the multi-actor G7++ Friends of the Gulf of Guinea, these interventions have emerged in response to the peculiar nature of maritime security challenges faced by the region and are likely to evolve as the dynamics of those challenges change over time. The implications of this proliferation of interventions are two-fold. First, it deepens the need for partnerships and collaborations across a broad range of stakeholders. Second, it heightens elements of informality and experimentation in governance approaches towards attaining shared goals within the region. Whether such an evolution will be beneficial to advancing the multiplex of interests in the region, however, is dependent on a contextual analysis of how their discourses and practices have shaped the maritime security architecture of the region and how various actors deal with the complexities of the region’s maritime security environment. It is also dependent on a credible assessment of how efforts in the region aimed at addressing maritime security concerns can be more effectively coordinated and harnessed towards the attainment of shared interests. A study that incorporates these dynamics could create a much clearer understanding of the suitability of existing frameworks for enhancing maritime security in the region. Areas of Exploration This study seeks to contribute to the limited research on the complexity of maritime security interventions in the Gulf of Guinea, with the ultimate intent of illuminating viable pathways for harmonising collective efforts towards enhancing shared goals. The research questions are categorised under three thematic areas as indicated below: Existing maritime security initiatives/frameworks in the region: What are the range of existing maritime security initiatives in the region and what is their disposition, especially in terms of threat focus? How successful or otherwise have these interventions been in curbing incidents of maritime crime in the region? ​ ​ Evolution of maritime security initiatives/ frameworks in the region: What are the primary reasons for varying maritime security initiatives in the Gulf of Guinea? What has been the evolutionary trajectory of the range of initiatives in the region? How did complexities evolve over time? How have the discourses and practices of actors shaped approaches to maritime security in the region over time? Actor relations and responses What are the power relationships imbued within the cluster of interventions in the region? How are the resulting complexities navigated by state and non-state actors with varying interests in the region? How have the discourse and practices of various actors shaped the maritime security architecture of the region? Are there existing mechanisms to reduce complexities or facilitate coordination amongst existing initiatives, interventions or frameworks? What are the prospects for harmonising the convoluted mix of efforts in the region towards the ultimate end of enhancing maritime security? Phases of the Audit The fundamental aim of this study is to map the range of maritime security initiatives and interventions in the Gulf of Guinea, assess the complexities these have posed to maritime security governance, examine the responses of actors to these complexities and determine whether or not efforts have been successful and can be ultimately harmonised towards enhancing the region’s maritime security. To achieve this, the audit will be conducted along four different phases, depicted in the figure below. Figure 1: Phases of the Audit Major Outputs The Audit has been structured by the Institute to result in a number of notable outputs, each of which will result in substantial contributions to advancing maritime security governance in the Gulf of Guinea and beyond. These are enumerated below: Brief Analytical Papers of Major Interventions Prior to publication of the detailed study report, brief analytical papers on selected maritime security interventions will be disseminated by the Institute as separate publications. Each paper will provide a brief historical backdrop to the intervention in question, explore its scope, examine whether or not the intervention is achieving its primary objectives and investigate practicable pathways to strengthening the ability of these interventions to attain their ultimate goals. ​ 2. Policy Briefs Useful policy actions intended to be included in the detailed report will be shared as quarterly policy briefs for the duration of the Audit. The quarterly briefs will provide direct policy recommendations for addressing gaps within the region’s maritime security architecture. ​ 3. Detailed Report The primary output of the study will be a detailed report of findings, conclusions and recommendations titled The Gulf Complex: An Audit of the Range of Maritime Security Interventions in the Gulf of Guinea. The structured report will serve as a useful reference document for all stakeholders interested in gaining a complete picture of the full range of maritime security interventions in the Gulf of Guinea. Corroborated by infographics and diagrammatic representations, the report will provide a clear picture of cross-linkages between interventions in the region, as well as an analysis of the successes and failures chalked by these interventions. ​ 4. Dissemination Workshop Following the publication of the detailed report, the Institute will conduct a regional workshop to disseminate the findings of the study across a broad range of stakeholders in the region. The workshop will particularly be aimed at enhancing high-level dialogue between policy makers across the region and key actors playing a role in the execution of the myriad of initiatives in the Gulf of Guinea, on pathways to coordinating efforts towards shared regional interests and objectives. ​ 5. Journal Edition: The Gulf Spectrum The Institute began processes towards publication of the first edition of the Gulf Spectrum, a flagship journal intended to provide stakeholders across the Gulf of Guinea and beyond with unique, local perspectives on critical issues surrounding maritime governance, safety and security in the Gulf of Guinea. The first edition of the journal will be published under the theme, Maritime Security Interventions in the Gulf of Guinea and will provide a pathway to collating research and regional voices on the MSIA along three thematic areas: Evolution of maritime security initiatives in the Gulf of Guinea The range of existing initiatives in the region Actor relations and responses The Call for Papers was publicised in the month of September. Afterwards, the Institute, along with the Editorial constituted for the journal, selected eleven abstracts and informed the authors accordingly. The Atlantic Centre has indicated its commitment to provide editorial support for the first edition of the Gulf Spectrum and to contribute towards the organisation of the planned MSIA Conference, where authors will be given the opportunity to present their papers. ​ Audit Outcomes & Impacts The Audit is a crucial first step to demystifying complexities resulting from the convoluted mix of maritime security interventions in the Gulf of Guinea. It is intended to yield an array of short-term outcomes and long-term impacts, as illustrated below. Figure 2: Outcomes & Impacts Methodology The research is expected to be conducted using a mix of methods, ranging from open and explorative qualitative and quantitative approaches , through desktop reviews, interviews, focus-group discussions and stakeholder surveys. Each of these approaches will be segmented according to the various phases of the research as per the figure below. Figure 3: Data Sources Data gathered from each of these sources will undergo rigorous analysis and verification processes such as cross referencing, before being included in the final report. Again, all stakeholders approached for expert interviews, focus group discussions or to participate in stakeholder surveys with be notable actors, stakeholders or implementers within requisite maritime security interventions across the region to ensure that feedback is both credible and relevant. The report will include relevant charts, figures and infographics necessary to adequately convey information gathered. ​ Some of the documents to be reviewed are listed below in the execution of the Audit are listed below: Figure 4: Inexhaustive List of Documentary Sources Research Report: Great Power Competition in the Atlantic GoGMI was confirmed as a key partner with the Atlantic Centre in co-authoring a report on great power competition in the Atlantic. The report aims to address the consequences of non-Atlantic powers present in the Atlantic as its core object of study, in order to best depict the current predicaments the region faces in the short and middle run. ​ GoGMI’s chapter in the report highlights the nature of great power competition within the context of the Gulf of Guinea, as well as how such competition ultimately influences maritime security outcomes in the region.